Meth stimulation on the central nervous system, causing chemical reactions in the brain which trick the body into thinking it has unlimited energy supplies and drains energy reserves needed in other parts of the body.
In 2008, the number of persons aged 12 or older needing treatment for an illicit drug use problem was 7.6 million (3.0 percent of the total population). Of these, 1.2 million (0.5 percent of the total population and 16.0 percent of the persons who needed treatment) received treatment at a specialty facility for an illicit drug use problem in the past year. Thus, there were 6.4 million persons (2.5 percent of the total population) who needed but did not receive treatment at a specialty facility for an illicit drug use problem in 2008. None of these estimates changed significantly between 2007 and 2008. The percentage of persons needing treatment for an illicit drug use problem decreased between 2002 (3.3 percent) and 2008 (3.0 percent).
From 2007 to 2008, rates of current use among young adults aged 18 to 25 remained stable for illicit drugs overall and each specific drug.
In 2009, rates of current alcohol use were 3.5 percent among persons aged 12 or 13, 13.0 percent of persons aged 14 or 15, 26.3 percent of 16 or 17 year olds, 49.7 percent of those aged 18 to 20, and 70.2 percent of 21 to 25 year olds. These estimates are similar to the rates reported in 2008.
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Mental health and substance abuse treatment consists of patients being persuaded, motivated, or involuntarily committed to addiction treatment. The main goal is to help stabilize the acute symptoms of the psychiatric illness and/or the drug or substance abuse disorder. Another important goal of mental health and substance abuse treatment is to motivate patients to continue treatment once the acute addiction crisis is stabilized or the involuntary commitment expires. Dealing with ambivalence regarding recovery, working through denial of one's drug addiction and mental illnesses or both, and becoming motivated for continued care are other important goals. This initial part of treatment usually takes several weeks, but for some patients it takes longer to become engaged in recovery and to stabilize from the acute effects of dual disorders.
The next step of mental health and substance abuse treatment is early drug addiction recovery. This involves learning to cope with desires to use chemicals, alcohol, cocaine, meth, or other drugs. It also teaches patients to avoid or cope with people, places, and things that represent high-risk addiction relapse factors. Mental health and substance abuse treatment roughly involves the first 3 months following stabilization. However, some patients take much longer in this phase because they do not comply with addiction rehab treatment, continue to abuse drugs, experience exacerbations of psychiatric symptoms, or experience serious psychosocial problems or crises.
The next stage of mental health and substance abuse treatment is continued addiction recovery. In this phase, patients continue working on issues from the previous phase as needed. In addition, patients learn to develop or improve coping skills to deal with intrapersonal and interpersonal issues. Examples of intrapersonal skills include coping with negative affects (anger, depression, emptiness, anxiety) and coping with maladaptive beliefs or thinking.
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